oca-ocb-core/odoo-bringout-oca-ocb-base/doc/ORM.md

ORM

Core concepts that power Odoo’s data layer.

Models and Registry

• models.Model: base class for all business models.
• Registry: per-database object storing model classes, metadata, caches.
• Environment: (cr, uid, context) wrapped as env, provides cursors and context.

Fields

• Basic: Char, Text, Boolean, Integer, Float, Date, Datetime.
• Monetary & Currency: Monetary with currency_field.
• Relational: Many2one, One2many, Many2many.
• Computed, inverse, depends; stored vs. non-stored.

APIs

• New API (@api.model, @api.depends, @api.constrains, @api.onchange).
• Environment access: self.env.cr, self.env.user, self.env.ref().
• Access rights: check_access_rights, sudo(), record rules.

Cache & Prefetch

• Prefetch groups reads to reduce queries.
• Cache invalidates on write/create/unlink.

Base Addon Foundation

• ir.model, ir.model.fields: model metadata registry.
• res.users, res.partner, res.company: identity and company models.
• ir.attachment: binary storage via filestore.
• ir.config_parameter: runtime config key/value store.

flowchart LR
  REG[Registry] --> ENV[Environment]
  ENV --> ORM[models.Model]
  ORM --> SQL[SQL (psycopg2)]
  ORM --> CACHE[Cache/Prefetch]
  ORM --> SEC[Access + Rules]